Nagpur, India: Adolescents aged 15-24 years contribute to 25% of new HIV infections in India, according to the National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO). Experts attribute this alarming trend to a lack of comprehensive sexual health education, which leaves young people unaware of the risks and preventive measures for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

The focus on pregnancy prevention, rather than STD protection, is a major concern. The sale of contraceptive pills has increased by 70%, while condom usage has dropped to 30%. Dr. Sanjay Deshpande, a renowned sexologist, explained, “Youngsters prioritize avoiding pregnancy and overlook the fact that condoms are critical in preventing STDs like HIV and HPV. HPV can cause cervical cancer and infertility in women, especially with frequent use of contraceptives.”

Dr. (Major) Milind Bhrushundi, a leading physician, mirrored the concern, urging young people to practice abstinence or use condoms to avoid health risks. Both doctors agree that unprotected and casual sexual encounters among adolescents are driving the rise in infections. They also stress the importance of fidelity and informed decisions in relationships.

Pharmacies have noticed a shift in behaviour. Harish Ganeshani from the State Pharmacy Council observed, “Girls are more proactive in purchasing contraceptives, while boys remain hesitant. Some girls visit pharmacies multiple times a week for emergency contraceptive pills.”

Gynaecologists report an increase in young couples seeking abortions and often find themselves surprised by the straightforward approach of their patients. “When we discuss morality, they insist we stick to medical advice,” shared one gynaecologist anonymously.

Studies reveal that only 36% of Indian adolescents have accurate knowledge about HIV transmission. Experts emphasize the urgent need for education, both in schools and at home, to address misconceptions and promote safer practices among young people.